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Iron is one of the most abundant minerals on earth, and is essential to human life.  It helps transport oxygen around our body into cells where it’s needed to provide energy, for growth and development and for healthy immune function.  Iron also helps carry the waste product, carbon dioxide, back to the lungs.

How do I know if I’m deficient?

The most common symptom of deficiency is tiredness and lack of energy.  Other symptoms include paleness, weakened immune system and brittle nails.  However there are also many other reasons why these symptoms may occur so a simple blood test from your GP is the best way to confirm.

Do I need more iron in pregnancy?

Iron is particularly important during pregnancy, especially the second and third trimester, due to its role in DNA creation.  DNA, which is the genetic ‘blue print’ upon which all our cells are built, requires iron for development.  Iron is also required for protein metabolism, which further supports growth and development.

How much do I need?

Recommended Daily Intake (RDI) and Upper Safe Limit (UL)

Women 19 – 50 years 18mg/day 45mg/day
Women 50 – 70 + years 8mg/day 45mg/day
Pregnancy RDI UL
14 + years 27mg/day 45mg/day
Lactation RDI UL
14 – 18 years 10mg/day 45mg/day
18 – 50 years 9mg/day 45mg/day

 

What are the best sources?

Good dietary sources of iron include

Liver                           Chicken                       Beef                            Oysters

Turkey                        Tuna                           Pork                            Fish

Soybeans                    Lentils                         Kidney beans             Molasses

Spinach                       Tofu

What about supplements?

The average Australian diet provides around 15 – 20mg of iron per day.   In times of increased need such as pregnancy, the body has the ability to absorb more iron from the diet to help support this increase need, however supplementation can also be beneficial to support healthy levels.  When choosing a supplement, it’s good to look for one, which also contains vitamin C and folate to support absorption and healthy foetal growth or a good prenatal multivitamin should provide a healthy dose of iron.  Supplementing between 10 – 25mg particularly during the second and third trimester is recommended to help support healthy development.  No more than the Upper Safe Limit (UL) of 45mg per day should be taken unless under medical supervision.

When it comes to choosing an iron supplement it’s not only important to look for the right dose, but also the right form of iron.  Chelated iron preparations are the easiest absorbed forms of iron (often listed as iron amino acid chelate) and can help reduce side effects such as nausea and constipation.

 What happens if I take too much?

As iron is so essential to human life, to help ensure levels never become deplete, our body actually has no means by which to excrete iron.  However, as a heavy metal, iron can also be potentially toxic, therefore uptake is tightly regulated by the body.  If iron stores are high, the body actively decreases the amount of iron absorbed.  Therefore toxicity via dietary sources is unlikely.  However this absorption process can’t be shut off entirely and stores can build up if excess supplemental iron is consumed.  Excessive amounts of iron in circulation can cause critical damage to vital cells in the liver, heart and other vital organs, so high dose supplementation is not recommended unless under medical supervision.

  • I’ve always been low in iron, to the point I nearly lost my life during my last pregnancy. I am hopeless when it comes to taking pills everyday so am going to try incorporate more of the above mentioned iron rich foods into my diet. Thanks for the info.

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  • I am always low on iron but I make it a point to take take iron suppliments . During my pregnancy I also ate iron suppliments to bring the level to normal..

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  • I get my blood checked every 6 months as I was anemic and my stored blood is very low last time my doctor put me on Iron tablets my blood levels came up again and now its time to check those levels again

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  • When I was pregnant I had too high levels of iron, warranting blood tests to check if i had a blood disease (which luckily I didn’t) I had to be so careful with supplements and foods. Post-baby, i’ve been tested againa nd they are back to normal, which is a very strange thing. I now make sure I have full blood tests every year to check on all my levels

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  • I had anemia and low iron when I was a vegetarian. After 10 years my body was so used to it I didn’t even need iron tablets to maintain my levels. I have been eating meat for about 3 years now and of course my iron is perfect.

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  • Thank you for this article. I was told following my blood test that I was low in iron even though I was taking supplements! I’ll continue, and look for what is recommended in this article in the future.

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  • I just had a blood test and thankfully my iron levels and vitamin D were all in the normal range

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  • I often feel like I’m lacking in iron 🙁

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  • I had no idea that too much iron is dangerous.

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  • Also quite surprised to see that molasses has iron in it – I just thought this was a raw form of sugar!

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  • Wow, I didn’t realise that too much iron could be bad for you!

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  • actually I should probably get my iron levels checked. I do get tired a lot. I sometimes start to fall asleep when I am sitting at home studying

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  • out of that list I would only eat the chicken and sometimes turkey and pork.

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  • I’m glad I love beef, chicken & spinach. My iron levels are good.

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  • Great read especially as this is a problem that affects many women. I am currently taking iron supplements and also boost my diet with things like fresh spinach, eggs and lentils. Also take iron supplements with orange juice as the vitamin c boosts the absorption of iron.

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  • Great read! I also find weetbix is a great source, if I have weetbix every morning I feel so much better 😉

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  • ive always been borderline anemic but being pregnant just pushes me over the egde big time…with this current pregnancy i was to the point of having blood transfusion prior my csection if i couldnt get my levels up…. how i got my levels WAY up? Organ meats! Green smoothies! Black strap molasses and ofcourse iron supplement.

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  • I have always lacked iron until I started putting baby spinach in my smoothies each morning, its a great source of iron plus it dosnt effect the taste however it does make them look pretty gross. also make sure you dosnt eat iron rich foods or supplements within 2 hours of drinking coffee or tea as the caffeine dosnt allow your body to absorb the iron.

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  • very interesting an helpfull reading this as i lacked in iron during pregnacey an i think i still do as im tired all the time.. some helpfull ideas here on how to boost ur iron levels..

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  • I thought I was eating enough iron during my current pregnancy. However I ended up in hospital and they had to take blood tests. They came back telling me I had really low iron and was lucky I didn’t need a transfusion. I’ve been having to take iron tablets for the last 5 weeks at double the normal dosage. Hopefully after the pregnancy my levels will go back to normal

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